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RF Global's education on the various stages and types of coal

About Coal

Coal is formed from the compaction and indurations of variously altered plants, composing more then 50% of carbonaceous material and is readily combustible. In the beginning stages, it is similar to peat.

With considerable heat, burial pressure and time, coal becomes changes from peat into Lignite. At this stage of development, Lignite is considered to be "immature" as it is still soft and light in color.

As lignite matures, it becomes darker and harder, and then classified as Sub-Bituminous Coal. Through the continuous process of alteration and burial, physical and chemical changes take place, which is then classified as Bituminous. This type of coal is hard and dark and can easily ignite. It burns with a relatively long flame.

In the last stage, coal is classified as Anthracite. This is the final stage of maturation and is very hard and shiny.

Lower ranking coal has more moisture, lower calorific values and less carbon.

Coal is generally classified as either Thermal Coal (Steam Coal) or Coking Coal (Metallurgical Coal). Please refer to our "Coking vs Thermal Coal" section to learn more about these types of coal.

See our Coal Classifications Table for more detailed classifications of coal.

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	Lignite Coal	Bituminous Coal	Anthracite Coal
Sulfur Content	0.4 weight %	0.7 - 4.0 weight %	0.6 - 0.77 weight %
Moisture Content	39 weight %	2.2 - 15.9 weight %	2.8 - 16.3 weight %
Fixed Carbon Content	31.4 weight %	44.9-78.2 weight %	80.5 - 85.7 weight %
Bulk Density Content	40 - 54 (lb/ft3), 641 - 865 (kg/m3)	42 - 57 (lb/ft3), 673 - 913 (kg/m3)	50 - 58 (lb/ft3), 800 - 929 (kg/m3)
Ash Content	4.2 weight %	3.3-11.7 weight %	9.7 - 20.2 weight %

Check out various pictures of coal by visiting our Coal Pictures

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*Please Note: RF Global does not deal with any Futures related contracts in any Commodities. RF Global only deals with SPOT and Long-Term Commodity Contracts. Please also note that RF Global does not guarantee that it can match any specifications that are made available through the website. The specifications provided on the website are for convenience purposes only.

coking coal

thermal coal

bituminous

lignite

anthracite

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